The present volume explores the ideological divide in education between traditional and progressive education. An introductory chapter explores the broad outlines of the debate with an emphasis on discourse in the public sphere. Further chapters explore specific aspects of the divide such as the philosophical underpinnings of each camp as well as some of the main arguments in favor of and against some of their central tenets. The volume explores a challenging topic with the goal of constructive scholarly dialogue in order to increase understanding about some of the big questions in the field and to build bridges across ideological borders.